Grade Hubs
English Language Arts (41)
Context: Available support pages for this domain, grade, and audience.
| Standard | Short Description | Open |
|---|---|---|
| ELA.10.RL.1 | Cite strong and thorough textual evidence to support analysis of what the text says explicitly as well as inferences drawn from the text. | Open Page |
| ELA.10.RL.2 | Determine a theme or central idea of a text and analyze in detail its development over the course of the text, including how it emerges and is shaped by specific details; provide an objective summary. | Open Page |
| ELA.10.RL.3 | Analyze how complex characters develop over the course of a text, interact with other characters, and advance the plot or develop the theme. | Open Page |
| ELA.10.RL.4 | Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including figurative and connotative meanings; analyze the cumulative impact of specific word choices on meaning and tone. | Open Page |
| ELA.10.RL.5 | Analyze how an author's choices concerning how to structure a text, order events, and manipulate time create effects such as mystery, tension, or surprise. | Open Page |
| ELA.10.RL.6 | Analyze a particular point of view or cultural experience reflected in a work of literature from outside the United States, drawing on a wide reading of world literature. | Open Page |
| ELA.10.RL.7 | Analyze the representation of a subject or a key scene in two different artistic mediums, including what is emphasized or absent in each treatment. | Open Page |
| ELA.10.RL.9 | Analyze how an author draws on and transforms source material in a specific work (e.g., how Shakespeare draws on a tale from Ovid or how a modern author draws on a play by Shakespeare). | Open Page |
| ELA.10.RL.10 | Read and comprehend literature, including stories, dramas, and poems, at the high end of the grades 9-10 text complexity band independently and proficiently. | Open Page |
| ELA.10.RI.1 | Cite strong and thorough textual evidence to support analysis of what the text says explicitly as well as inferences drawn from the text. | Open Page |
| ELA.10.RI.2 | Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its development, including how it emerges and is shaped by specific details; provide an objective summary. | Open Page |
| ELA.10.RI.3 | Analyze how the author unfolds an analysis or series of ideas or events, including the order in which points are made, how they are introduced and developed, and the connections drawn between them. | Open Page |
| ELA.10.RI.4 | Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including figurative, connotative, and technical meanings; analyze the cumulative impact of specific word choices on meaning and tone. | Open Page |
| ELA.10.RI.5 | Analyze in detail how an author's ideas or claims are developed and refined by particular sentences, paragraphs, or larger portions of a text. | Open Page |
| ELA.10.RI.6 | Determine an author's point of view or purpose in a text and analyze how an author uses rhetoric to advance that point of view or purpose. | Open Page |
| ELA.10.RI.7 | Analyze various accounts of a subject told in different mediums, determining which details are emphasized in each account. | Open Page |
| ELA.10.RI.8 | Delineate and evaluate the argument and specific claims in a text, assessing whether the reasoning is valid and the evidence is relevant and sufficient; identify false statements and fallacious reasoning. | Open Page |
| ELA.10.RI.9 | Analyze seminal U.S. documents of historical and literary significance, citing specific textual evidence as well as explaining how they address related themes and concepts. | Open Page |
| ELA.10.RI.10 | Read and comprehend literary nonfiction at the high end of the grades 9-10 text complexity band independently and proficiently. | Open Page |
| ELA.10.W.1 | Write arguments to support claims in an analysis of substantive topics or texts, using valid reasoning and relevant and sufficient evidence. | Open Page |
| ELA.10.W.2 | Write informative/explanatory texts to examine and convey complex ideas, concepts, and information clearly and accurately through the effective selection, organization, and analysis of content. | Open Page |
| ELA.10.W.3 | Write narratives to develop real or imagined experiences or events using effective technique, well-chosen details, and well-structured event sequences. | Open Page |
| ELA.10.W.4 | Produce clear and coherent writing in which the development, organization, and style are appropriate to task, purpose, and audience. | Open Page |
| ELA.10.W.5 | Develop and strengthen writing as needed by planning, revising, editing, rewriting, or trying a new approach, focusing on addressing what is most significant for a specific purpose and audience. | Open Page |
| ELA.10.W.6 | Use technology to produce, publish, and update individual or shared writing products, taking advantage of technology's capacity to link to other information and to display information flexibly and dynamically. | Open Page |
| ELA.10.W.7 | Conduct short as well as more sustained research projects to answer a question or solve a problem; narrow or broaden the inquiry when appropriate; synthesize multiple sources on the subject. | Open Page |
| ELA.10.W.8 | Gather relevant information from multiple authoritative print and digital sources; assess the usefulness of each source; integrate information selectively to maintain the flow of ideas, avoiding plagiarism. | Open Page |
| ELA.10.W.9 | Draw evidence from literary or informational texts to support analysis, reflection, and research by applying grade 9-10 reading standards to literature and literary nonfiction. | Open Page |
| ELA.10.W.10 | Write routinely over extended time frames and shorter time frames for a range of tasks, purposes, and audiences. | Open Page |
| ELA.10.SL.1 | Initiate and participate effectively in a range of collaborative discussions with diverse partners on grades 9-10 topics, texts, and issues, building on others' ideas and expressing their own clearly and persuasively. | Open Page |
| ELA.10.SL.2 | Integrate multiple sources of information presented in diverse media or formats, evaluating the credibility and accuracy of each source. | Open Page |
| ELA.10.SL.3 | Evaluate a speaker's point of view, reasoning, and use of evidence and rhetoric, identifying any fallacious reasoning or exaggerated or distorted evidence. | Open Page |
| ELA.10.SL.4 | Present information, findings, and supporting evidence clearly, concisely, and logically such that listeners can follow the line of reasoning and the organization. | Open Page |
| ELA.10.SL.5 | Make strategic use of digital media in presentations to enhance understanding of findings, reasoning, and evidence and to add interest. | Open Page |
| ELA.10.SL.6 | Adapt speech to a variety of contexts and tasks, demonstrating command of formal English when indicated or appropriate. | Open Page |
| ELA.10.L.1 | Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English grammar and usage when writing or speaking, including using parallel structure and various types of phrases and clauses to convey specific meanings. | Open Page |
| ELA.10.L.2 | Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English capitalization, punctuation, and spelling when writing, including using a semicolon, colon, or ellipsis appropriately. | Open Page |
| ELA.10.L.3 | Apply knowledge of language to understand how language functions in different contexts, to make effective choices for meaning or style, and to comprehend more fully when reading or listening. | Open Page |
| ELA.10.L.4 | Determine or clarify the meaning of unknown and multiple-meaning words and phrases based on grades 9-10 reading and content, using context, Greek/Latin roots and affixes, and reference materials. | Open Page |
| ELA.10.L.5 | Demonstrate understanding of figurative language, word relationships, and nuances in word meanings, including interpreting figures of speech in context and analyzing nuances in the meaning of words with similar denotations. | Open Page |
| ELA.10.L.6 | Acquire and use accurately general academic and domain-specific words and phrases, sufficient for reading, writing, speaking, and listening at the college and career readiness level. | Open Page |
Mathematics (24)
Context: Available support pages for this domain, grade, and audience.
| Standard | Short Description | Open |
|---|---|---|
| MATH.10.G-CO.A.1 | Know precise definitions of angle, circle, perpendicular line, parallel line, and line segment, based on the undefined notions of point, line, distance along a line, and distance around a circular arc. | Open Page |
| MATH.10.G-CO.A.2 | Represent transformations in the plane; describe transformations as functions that take points in the plane as inputs and give other points as outputs; compare transformations that preserve distance and angle to those that do not. | Open Page |
| MATH.10.G-CO.A.4 | Develop definitions of rotations, reflections, and translations in terms of angles, circles, perpendicular lines, parallel lines, and line segments. | Open Page |
| MATH.10.G-CO.A.5 | Given a geometric figure and a rotation, reflection, or translation, draw the transformed figure; specify a sequence of transformations that will carry a given figure onto another. | Open Page |
| MATH.10.G-CO.B.6 | Use geometric descriptions of rigid motions to transform figures and to predict the effect of a given rigid motion on a given figure; use the definition of congruence in terms of rigid motions to decide if two figures are congruent. | Open Page |
| MATH.10.G-CO.B.7 | Use the definition of congruence in terms of rigid motions to show that two triangles are congruent if and only if corresponding pairs of sides and corresponding pairs of angles are congruent. | Open Page |
| MATH.10.G-CO.B.8 | Explain how the criteria for triangle congruence (ASA, SAS, SSS, AAS, HL) follow from the definition of congruence in terms of rigid motions. | Open Page |
| MATH.10.G-CO.C.9 | Prove theorems about lines and angles, including that vertical angles are congruent and that alternate interior angles imply parallel lines. | Open Page |
| MATH.10.G-CO.C.10 | Prove theorems about triangles, including the triangle angle-sum theorem, base angles of isosceles triangles, and the midsegment theorem. | Open Page |
| MATH.10.G-CO.C.11 | Prove theorems about parallelograms, including that opposite sides and angles are congruent and that the diagonals of a parallelogram bisect each other. | Open Page |
| MATH.10.G-SRT.A.1 | Verify experimentally the properties of dilations given by a center and a scale factor; verify that a dilation takes a line not passing through the center to a parallel line, and leaves a line through the center unchanged. | Open Page |
| MATH.10.G-SRT.A.2 | Given two figures, use the definition of similarity in terms of similarity transformations to decide if they are similar; explain using similarity transformations the meaning of similarity for triangles. | Open Page |
| MATH.10.G-SRT.A.3 | Use the properties of similarity transformations to establish the AA criterion for two triangles to be similar. | Open Page |
| MATH.10.G-SRT.B.5 | Use congruence and similarity criteria for triangles to solve problems and to prove relationships in geometric figures. | Open Page |
| MATH.10.G-SRT.C.6 | Understand that by similarity, side ratios in right triangles are properties of the angles in the triangle, leading to definitions of trigonometric ratios for acute angles. | Open Page |
| MATH.10.G-SRT.C.7 | Explain and use the relationship between the sine and cosine of complementary angles. | Open Page |
| MATH.10.G-SRT.C.8 | Use trigonometric ratios and the Pythagorean Theorem to solve right triangles in applied problems. | Open Page |
| MATH.10.G-GPE.B.5 | Prove the slope criteria for parallel and perpendicular lines and use them to solve geometric problems (e.g., find the equation of a line parallel or perpendicular to a given line through a given point). | Open Page |
| MATH.10.G-GPE.B.7 | Use coordinates to compute perimeters of polygons and areas of triangles and rectangles; apply these techniques in the context of solving mathematical and real-world problems. | Open Page |
| MATH.10.G-GMD.A.1 | Give an informal argument for the formulas for the circumference of a circle, area of a circle, volume of a cylinder, pyramid, and cone using dissection arguments, Cavalieri's principle, and informal limit arguments. | Open Page |
| MATH.10.G-GMD.A.3 | Use volume formulas for cylinders, pyramids, cones, and spheres to solve problems. | Open Page |
| MATH.10.G-MG.A.1 | Use geometric shapes, their measures, and their properties to describe objects (e.g., modeling a tree trunk or a human torso as a cylinder). | Open Page |
| MATH.10.G-MG.A.2 | Apply concepts of density based on area and volume in modeling situations (e.g., persons per square mile, BTUs per cubic foot). | Open Page |
| MATH.10.G-MG.A.3 | Apply geometric methods to solve design problems (e.g., designing an object or structure to satisfy physical constraints or minimize cost; working with typographic grid systems based on ratios). | Open Page |
Science (10)
Context: Available support pages for this domain, grade, and audience.
| Standard | Short Description | Open |
|---|---|---|
| SCI.10.PS1.A | Use the periodic table as a model to predict the relative properties of elements based on the patterns of electrons in the outermost energy level of atoms; construct and revise an explanation for the outcome of a simple chemical reaction based on the outermost electron states of atoms. | Open Page |
| SCI.10.PS1.B | Construct and revise an explanation for the outcome of simple chemical reactions based on the outermost electron states of atoms, trends in the periodic table, and knowledge of the patterns of chemical properties; develop a model to illustrate that the release or absorption of energy from a chemical reaction system depends on the changes in total bond energy. | Open Page |
| SCI.10.PS1.C | Communicate scientific and technical information about why the molecular-level structure is important in the functioning of biological macromolecules; design and evaluate a solution to a real-world problem involving the properties of different materials. | Open Page |
| SCI.10.PS2.A | Analyze data to support the claim that Newton's second law of motion describes the mathematical relationship among the net force on a macroscopic object, its mass, and its acceleration; use mathematical representations to show that the total momentum of a system of objects is conserved when there is no net force on the system. | Open Page |
| SCI.10.PS2.B | Use mathematical representations of Newton's Law of Gravitation and Coulomb's Law to describe and predict the gravitational and electrostatic forces between objects; plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence that an electric current can produce a magnetic field and that a changing magnetic field can produce an electric current. | Open Page |
| SCI.10.PS3.A | Create a computational model to calculate the change in the energy of one component in a system when the change in energy of the other components and the heat flows known; develop and use models to illustrate that energy at the macroscopic scale can be accounted for as a combination of energy associated with the motions of particles. | Open Page |
| SCI.10.PS3.B | Develop and use a model of two objects interacting through electric or magnetic fields to illustrate the forces between the objects and the changes in energy of the objects due to the interaction; plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence that the transfer of thermal energy when two components of different temperatures are combined within a closed system results in a more uniform energy distribution among the components. | Open Page |
| SCI.10.PS3.D | Develop and use a model to illustrate the relationship between the absorption and emission of light and energy levels in atoms; apply scientific and engineering ideas to design, evaluate, and refine a device that minimizes the force on a macroscopic object during a collision. | Open Page |
| SCI.10.PS4.B | Evaluate questions about the advantages of using a digital transmission and storage of information; evaluate the validity and reliability of claims in published materials of the effects that different frequencies of electromagnetic radiation have when absorbed by matter. | Open Page |
| SCI.10.PS4.C | Evaluate the validity and reliability of claims in published materials of the effects that different frequencies of electromagnetic radiation have when absorbed by matter; communicate technical information about how some technological devices use the principles of wave behavior and wave interactions with matter to transmit and capture information and energy. | Open Page |
Social Studies (18)
Context: Available support pages for this domain, grade, and audience.
| Standard | Short Description | Open |
|---|---|---|
| SS.10.E.10.A | Describe the economic systems of colonial America, including mercantilism, plantation agriculture, and trade, and explain how economic differences between regions contributed to sectional tensions leading to the Civil War. | Open Page |
| SS.10.E.10.B | Explain the economic causes and consequences of slavery in the antebellum United States and analyze the economic dimensions of Reconstruction, including the transition from slave labor to sharecropping and the challenges of economic integration. | Open Page |
| SS.10.GS.A | Use maps and geographic tools to analyze how physical geography, natural resources, and regional differences shaped colonial development, westward expansion, and sectional conflict in the United States. | Open Page |
| SS.10.GS.B | Analyze how settlement patterns, land use, and territorial expansion — including the Louisiana Purchase, Mexican Cession, and westward migration — changed the human and physical geography of the United States. | Open Page |
| SS.10.GS.C | Describe the geographic differences between Northern and Southern regions of the antebellum United States and explain how those differences shaped economic systems, political tensions, and ultimately the Civil War. | Open Page |
| SS.10.GS.D | Explain how the movement of enslaved people, immigrants, and settlers shaped the geography and demographics of the United States from the colonial period through Reconstruction. | Open Page |
| SS.10.H.10.A | Analyze the causes and outcomes of the American Revolution and the founding of the United States, including the influence of Enlightenment ideas on the Declaration of Independence, Constitution, and Bill of Rights. | Open Page |
| SS.10.H.10.B | Describe major developments of the Early Republic and Antebellum Period, including westward expansion, the Market Revolution, Jacksonian Democracy, the abolitionist and women's rights movements, and the sectional crisis over slavery. | Open Page |
| SS.10.H.10.C | Analyze the causes, major military and political events, and consequences of the Civil War, including the roles of key figures such as Lincoln, Davis, Douglass, and Grant, and the significance of key battles and turning points. | Open Page |
| SS.10.H.10.D | Evaluate the goals, achievements, and failures of Reconstruction, including the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments, the Freedmen's Bureau, and the rise of Jim Crow, and assess the long-term impact of Reconstruction's end on African American civil rights. | Open Page |
| SS.10.PC.A | Analyze how the Constitution established the structure and principles of American government, including federalism, separation of powers, checks and balances, and individual rights, and how these principles were interpreted and contested over time. | Open Page |
| SS.10.PC.B | Describe how various groups — including enslaved people, women, Native Americans, and immigrants — were excluded from or included in the rights and protections of American democracy from the colonial period through Reconstruction, and how they resisted or sought inclusion. | Open Page |
| SS.10.PC.C | Explain how Reconstruction amendments and legislation attempted to redefine American citizenship and civil rights, and analyze why these reforms were ultimately undermined. | Open Page |
| SS.10.TS.A | Develop and use compelling and supporting questions to investigate topics in U.S. history from the colonial period through Reconstruction using social studies inquiry processes. | Open Page |
| SS.10.TS.B | Gather and evaluate information from multiple primary and secondary sources, including documents, photographs, and digital sources, to construct historical accounts of U.S. history. | Open Page |
| SS.10.TS.C | Organize and interpret information from maps, timelines, charts, and other tools to analyze patterns and relationships in U.S. history from the colonial period through Reconstruction. | Open Page |
| SS.10.TS.D | Construct evidence-based explanations and historical arguments about U.S. history from the colonial period through Reconstruction. | Open Page |
| SS.10.TS.E | Communicate findings about U.S. history through speaking, writing, and multimedia to present well-supported arguments and information. | Open Page |